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中文简体The main transmission system of the needle loom is like the "heart" of the whole machine. With the help of the crank-connecting rod mechanism, it drives the needle beam, needle plate and needle in an orderly manner, so that they can work together to complete the up and down reciprocating motion. This mechanical structure seems simple, but it contains profound engineering principles. The crank-connecting rod mechanism provides precise and stable power output for the needle by converting rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion. Driven by the motor, the crank makes uniform circular motion, and the connecting rod transmits the movement of the crank to the needle beam, which in turn drives the needle plate and needle, ensuring that the needle performs puncture with the appropriate frequency and force. This design allows the needle loom to maintain a stable working state when running at high speed, providing a guarantee for efficient production.
As the processing material of the needle punching loom machine, the fluffy fiber web is slowly fed into the critical needle area under the strong clamping of the feeding curtain. The feed curtain plays a key role in conveying and positioning in this process. It not only ensures that the fiber web can enter the needling area smoothly and continuously, but also accurately controls the position and tension of the fiber web. If the feed curtain fails or is improperly adjusted, the fiber web may be offset, wrinkled, and other problems during the needling process, which directly affects the product quality. When the fiber web smoothly enters the needling area, the needle plate begins to move downward. At this time, the needles are like well-trained "soldiers" who quickly and accurately pierce the fiber web. During this process, the fiber web is tightly attached to the web support plate. The existence of the web support plate is crucial. It provides solid support for the fiber web to prevent excessive deformation or displacement of the fiber web when the needles pierce. The material and surface structure of the web support plate have been carefully designed to have sufficient strength to withstand the impact of the needles, and to ensure a smooth surface to reduce friction damage to the fiber web.
As the needle plate moves upward, the friction between the fiber web and the needles becomes the key force that drives the fiber web to move upward with the needles. At this time, the fiber web is tightly attached to the stripping plate. The purpose of the stripping plate is to smoothly strip the fiber web that follows the needle from the needle, so as to avoid the fiber being entangled on the needle and affecting the subsequent needling effect. The shape and installation angle of the stripping plate are precisely calculated to ensure that the stripping task can be completed efficiently under different working conditions. By reasonably adjusting the feeding and output speeds, the needle loom can realize two working modes: intermittent stepping or continuous motion. The intermittent stepping mode is suitable for production scenarios with high product precision requirements. For example, when manufacturing some special specifications of filter materials, the position and strength of each needling can be precisely controlled to ensure the consistency and stability of the product. The continuous motion mode focuses more on improving production efficiency. When mass-producing ordinary non-woven fabric products, continuous motion can significantly increase production.
After the pre-needling process in the needling area, the originally fluffy and loose fiber web has undergone significant changes, and initially has a certain strength, density and thickness. This transformation is of great significance. It transforms the fiber web from a material with almost no strength and shape stability to a semi-finished product that can withstand certain external forces and has preliminary forming conditions. After pre-needling, the fibers of the web are arranged more closely, and the degree of interweaving and embracing increases, which creates a good foundation for the subsequent main needling process. In the main needling process, the pre-needled web will undergo more intensive and in-depth needling processing, further improving the performance and quality of the product.
The pre-needling process plays a key role in the entire workflow of the needle loom. It provides a better processing object for the subsequent main needling process by preliminarily compacting the web and adjusting the fiber arrangement, which directly affects the quality, performance and production efficiency of the final nonwoven fabric product. From the precise control of the transmission mechanism to the coordinated operation of various components such as the feeding curtain, the net support plate, and the stripping plate, every detail is related to the success or failure of the pre-needling process.
